Abstract—This
study presents a study of the reduction in battery stresses by using
supercapacitors (SCs) in a 500-kVA rated UPS. We aim at investigating the
optimal supercapacitors-battery combination versus the SCs cost. This
investigation is threefold; first, supercapacitors and battery models developed
using MATLAB/Simulink are presented and validated. Second, the architecture and
the simulation of the designed system that combines the SCs and the battery are
shown. The supercapacitors are used as high-power storage devices to smooth the
peak power applied to the battery during backup time and to deliver full power
during short grid outages. By charging the SCs through the battery at a
suitable rate, all impulse power demands would be satisfied by the
supercapacitors. Third, extensive simulations are carried out to determine the
gain in batteryRMS current, the gain in energy losses, the energy efficiency
and the elimination rate of surge load power. These four performance parameters
are determined by simulation and then analyzed. The influence of the SCs
recharge on the performance indicators is highlighted. A thorough analysis
involving optimal study proposes to draw the optimal SCs number and filter
constant from the variation of the aforementioned parameters versus the cost of
the SCs.
(Index
Terms—Hybrid power sources, lead-acid battery, supercapacitors, uninterruptible
power supply (UPS).)
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