DC Load and Batteries Control Limitations for Photovoltaic Systems. Experimental Validation

Abstract—This study first presents an experimental control strategy of photovoltaic (PV) system composed of: PV array, dc–dc  power converters, electrolytic storage, and programmable dc electronic load. This control aims to extract maximum power from PV array and manages the power transfer through the dc load, respecting the available storage level. The designed system allows simultaneously the supply of a dc load and the charge or the discharge of the storage during the PV power production. The experimental results obtained with a dSPACE 1103 controller board show that the PV stand-alone system responds within certain limits that appear as soon as one of the storage thresholds is reached: either loss of energy produced, or insufficient energy toward the load. In urban area, it is proposed to overcome these limitations by connecting the utility grid with the PV system while maintaining the priority for self-feeding. The experimental results of this PV semi-isolated system are shown and discussed. For this first approach, the goal was to verify the technical feasibility of the suggested system controls. The final results are energetically relevant. Index Terms—AC–DC power converters, batteries, dc–dc power converters, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), photovoltaic (PV) power system, power grid, power system control.

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S.NO	Project Titles	Domain	IEEE Year
21	Design Guidelines of New Step-up DC/DC Converter for Fuel Cell Powered Distributed Generation Systems	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
22	Current Harmonic Compensation and Power Factor Improvement by Hybrid Shunt Active Power Filter	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
23	An Improved Sliding Mode Controller for Boost Converter in Solar Energy System	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
24	Stability Analysis of a Non-Inverting Synchronous Buck-Boost Power Converter for a Solar Power Management System	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
25	Digital Average Current-Mode Control of PWM DC–DC Converters Without Current Sensors	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
26	Multilevel Inverter For Grid-Connected PV System Employing Digital PI Controller	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
27	Analysis and Implementation of a Hybrid High-Power-Factor Three-Phase Unidirectional Rectifier	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
28	A Novel Single-Stage High-Power-Factor Electronic Ballast With Boost Topology for Multiple Fluorescent Lamps	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
29	A Novel Power Management Control Strategy for Stand-alone Photovoltaic Power System-Matlab	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
30	Comparison of Z-Source Inverter and Traditional Two-Stage Boost-Buck Inverter in Grid-tied Renewable Energy Generation	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
31	Analysis and Implementation of a Hybrid High-Power-Factor Three-Phase Unidirectional Rectifier	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
32	A Hybrid Three Phase Current Source Rectifier For High Power Application	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
33	Quasi-Z-Source Inverter for Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
34	A Modified SEPIC Converter for High-Power-Factor Rectifier and Universal Input Voltage Applications	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
35	Dead-Time Elimination for Voltage Source Inverters	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
36	Photovoltaic Parallel Resonant DC-link Soft Switching Inverter using Hysteresis Current Control	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
37	Switched-Capacitor/Switched-Inductor Structures for Getting Transformerless Hybrid DC–DC PWM Converters	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
38	Capacitor Balance Issues of the Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverter Operated in a Quasi Two-State Mode	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
39	Improved Z-Source Inverter With Reduced Z-Source Capacitor Voltage Stress and Soft-Start Capability	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
40	Multistring Five-Level Inverter With Novel PWM Control Scheme for PV Application	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
41	A Hybrid Wind-Solar Energy System: A New Rectifier Stage Topology	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
42	Fundamental Frequency Switching Strategies of a Seven-Level Hybrid Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverter	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010 – 2011
43	A BIDIRECTIONAL UPS INVERTER UTILISING HIGH FREQUENCY CENTER-TAPPED TRANSFORMER	Power Electronics/Matlab	2010  - 2011