Abstract—This paper
proposes a power management architecture that utilizes both supercapacitor
cells and a lithium battery as energy storages for a photovoltaic (PV)-based
wireless sensor network.The supercapacitor guarantees a longer lifetime in
terms of charge cycles and has a large range of operating temperatures, but has
the drawback of having low energy density and high cost. The lithium battery
has higher energy density but requires an accurate charge profile to increase
its lifetime, feature that cannot be easily obtained supplying the wireless
node with a fluctuating source as the PV one. Combining the two storages is possible to obtain good
compromise in terms of energy density. A statistic analysis is used for sizing
the storages and experimental results with a 5-W PV energy source are reported.
Index Terms—Batteries,
battery management systems, energy harvesting, energymanagement, energy
storage, hybrid power systems, photovoltaic systems, supercapacitors.
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